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\uff081\uff09d\u5e26\u7a7a\u7a74\u4e0e\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u6d3b\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u91d1\u5c5e\u80fd\u5e26\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86d\u5e26\u7a7a\u7a74\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4e0e\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002d\u7a7a\u7a74\u8d8a\u591a\uff0cd\u80fd\u5e26\u4e2d\u672a\u5360\u7528\u7684d\u7535\u5b50\u6216\u7a7a\u8f68\u9053\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u78c1\u5316\u7387\u4f1a\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u78c1\u5316\u7387\u4e0e\u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u968f\u91d1\u5c5e\u548c\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d1f\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4ece\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0cd\u5e26\u7a7a\u7a74\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6709\u4ece\u5916\u754c\u63a5\u53d7\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u5438\u9644\u7269\u79cd\u5e76\u4e0e\u4e4b\u6210\u952e\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662fd\u5e26\u7a7a\u7a74\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5176\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fc7\u591a\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u5438\u9644\u592a\u5f3a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cNi\u50ac\u5316\u82ef\u52a0\u6c22\u5236\u73af\u5df1\u70f7\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002Ni\u7684d\u5e26\u7a7a\u7a74\u4e3a0.6\uff08\u4e0e\u78c1\u77e9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff09\u3002\u82e5\u7528Ni-Cu\u5408\u91d1\u5219\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u660e\u663e\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aCu\u7684d\u5e26\u7a7a\u7a74\u4e3a\u96f6\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5408\u91d1\u65f6d\u7535\u5b50\u4eceCu\u6d41\u5411Ni\uff0c\u4f7fNi\u7684d\u7a7a\u7a74\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u52a0\u6c22\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u53c8\u5982Ni\u50ac\u5316\u6c22\u5316\u82ef\u4e59\u70ef\u5236\u5907\u4e59\u82ef\uff0c\u6709\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u5982\u7528Ni-Fe\u5408\u91d1\u4ee3\u66ff\u91d1\u5c5eNi\uff0c\u52a0\u6c22\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4f46Fe\u662fd\u7a7a\u7a74\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u4e3a2.2\u3002\u5f62\u6210\u5408\u91d1\u65f6\uff0cd\u7535\u5b50\u4eceNi\u6d41\u5411Fe\uff0c\u589e\u52a0Ni\u7684d\u5e26\u7a7a\u7a74\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660ed\u5e26\u7a7a\u7a74\u4e0d\u662f\u8d8a\u591a\u8d8a\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img 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50\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u53f0\u9636\uff08Terrace\uff09\u3001\u68af\u7ea7\uff08Step\uff09\u548c\u62d0\u6298\uff08Kink\uff09\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u62d0\u6298\u3001\u68af\u7ea7\u3001\u7a7a\u4f4d\u3001\u9644\u52a0\u539f\u5b50\u7b49\u8868\u9762\u4f4d\uff0c\u90fd\u5341\u5206\u6d3b\u6cfc\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0c\u5bf9\u53c2\u4e0e\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u90fd\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ece\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8bb2\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u6d3b\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u90e8\u4f4d\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5355\u6676\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u968f\u6676\u9762\u800c\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d1f\u8f7d\u578b\u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u5206\u6563\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u91d1\u5c5e\u5728\u8f7d\u4f53\u4e0a\u5fae\u7ec6\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7528\u5206\u6563\u5ea6D\uff08Dispersion\uff09\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5904\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u6545\u5206\u6563\u5ea6\u597d\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5176\u50ac\u5316\u6548\u679c\u8f83\u597d\u3002\u5f53D = 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e24\u7c7b\uff1a\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u70c3\u7c7b\u7684\u52a0\u6c22\u3001\u8131\u6c22\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5176\u6d3b\u6027\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6291\u5236\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u6709CO\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5982CO + H2\u53cd\u5e94\uff0cCO + NO\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5176\u6d3b\u6027\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4e5f\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u8fd9\u540e\u9762\u4e00\u7c7b\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ece\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5229\u7528SMSI\u89e3\u51b3\u80fd\u6e90\u53ca\u73af\u4fdd\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u6f5c\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e3b\u8981\u662fPt\u3001Pd\u3001Rh\u8d35\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ecd\u5f88\u6d3b\u8dc3\uff0c\u591a\u504f\u91cd\u4e8e\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4e1a\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c1a\u5f85\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u2461\u8f7d\u4f53\u5bf9\u91d1\u5c5e\u8fd8\u539f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u6c22\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\uff0c\u975e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684NiO\u7c89\u672b\uff0c\u53ef\u5728400\u2103\u4e0b\u5b8c\u5168\u8fd8\u539f\u6210\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u800c\u5206\u6563\u5728SiO2\u6216Al2O3\u8f7d\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684NiO\uff0c\u8fd8\u539f\u5c31\u56f0\u96be\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\u56e0\u5206\u6563\u5728\u8f7d\u4f53\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u975e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684CuO\u6bd4\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5206\u6563\u5730\u5206\u6563\u5728SiO2\u6216Al2O3\u8f7d\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u6e29\u5ea6\u8981\u4f4e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u9664\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e8e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u5206\u6563\u5ea6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e8e\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e0e\u8f7d\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u91d1\u5c5e\u548c\u8f7d\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u5f3a\u5f31\u4e4b\u5206\u3002\u9664\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5f3a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2d\u7b49\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u5f31\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e0e\u8f7d\u4f53\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u963b\u6b62\u91d1\u5c5e\u5fae\u6676\u7684\u70e7\u7ed3\u548c\u6676\u7c92\u957f\u5927\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u578b\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u7ec4\u5206\u65e2\u4e0e\u8f7d\u4f53\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u963b\u6ede\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u3002\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e0e\u8f7d\u4f53\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7119\u70e7\u548c\u8fd8\u539f\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6e29\u5ea6\u5bf9\u8d1f\u8f7d\u578b\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u6d3b\u6027\u7ec4\u5206\u6325\u53d1\u3001\u6d41\u5931\u3001\u70e7\u7ed3\u548c\u5fae\u6676\u957f\u5927\u7b49\u3002\u5927\u81f4\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\uff1a\u5f53\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e3a0.3Tm\uff08Huttig\u6e29\u5ea6\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u751f\u6676\u683c\u8868\u9762\u8d28\u70b9\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\uff08Tm\u4e3a\u7194\u70b9\uff09\uff1b\u5f53\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e3a0.5Tm\uff08Tammam\u6e29\u5ea6\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u751f\u6676\u683c\u4f53\u76f8\u5185\u7684\u8d28\u70b9\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u4e8eTammam\u6e29\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7119\u70e7\u6216\u8fd8\u539f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c5e\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u56fa\u6eb6\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u7ed3\u6784\u654f\u611f\u4e0e\u975e\u654f\u611f\u53cd\u5e94<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u91d1\u5c5e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u578b\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\uff1a\u2460\u5728\u4e34\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u9897\u7c92\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u5355\u6676\u53d6\u5411\uff1b\u2461\u4e00\u79cd\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u7b2cVIII\u65cf\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e0e\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u5c0f\u6d3b\u6027\u7684IB\u65cf\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u5982Ni-Cu\u5f62\u6210\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u2462\u4ece\u4e00\u79cd\u7b2cVIII\u65cf\u91d1\u5c5e\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u540c\u65cf\u4e2d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u5f71\u54cd\u654f\u611f\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u533a\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002\u4e00\u7c7b\u6d89\u53caH-H\u3001C-H\u6216O-H\u952e\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\u6216\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6216\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u654f\u611f\u6027\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u7ed3\u6784\u975e\u654f\u611f\uff08Structrure- insensitive\uff09\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u6d89\u53caC-C\u3001N-N\u6216C-O\u952e\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\u6216\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6216\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u654f\u611f\u6027\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u7ed3\u6784\u654f\u611f\uff08Structrure-sensitive\uff09\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u73af\u4e19\u70f7\u52a0\u6c22\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u975e\u654f\u611f\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7528\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684\u5355\u6676Pt\u4f5c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff08\u65e0\u5206\u6563D \u224c 0\uff09\u4e0e\u7528\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e8eAl2O3\u6216SiO2\u7684\u5fae\u6676\uff081~1.5nm\uff09\u4f5c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff08D \u224c 1\uff09\uff0c\u6d4b\u5f97\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u9891\u7387\u57fa\u672c\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u6c28\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u94c1\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4e0a\u7684\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u654f\u611f\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u9891\u7387\u968f\u94c1\u5206\u6563\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9020\u6210\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u7ed3\u6784\u975e\u654f\u611f\u6027\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7dPt\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4e0a\uff0cH2-O2\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u975e\u654f\u611f\u6027\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6c27\u8fc7\u5269\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7fPt\u8868\u9762\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e3a\u6c27\u5438\u9644\u5355\u5c42\u6240\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u5c06\u539f\u6765\u7684Pt\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7ec6\u5fae\u7ed3\u6784\u63a9\u76d6\u4e86\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7ed3\u6784\u975e\u654f\u611f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8868\u9762\u518d\u6784\uff08Surface\u2003construction\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u975e\u654f\u611f\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0e\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u76f8\u6096\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u7ec4\u5206\u6676\u7c92\u5206\u6563\u5ea6\u4f4e\u7684\uff08\u6241\u5e73\u7684\u9762\uff09\u8f83\u4e4b\u9ad8\u7684\uff08\u9876\u4e0e\u68f1\uff09\u66f4\u6d3b\u6cfc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8c\u53d4\u4e01\u57fa\u4e59\u7094\u5728Pt\u4e0a\u7684\u52a0\u6c22\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u50ac\u5316\u4e2d\u95f4\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u539f\u5b50\u662f\u4ece\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u90e8\u4f4d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\uff0c\u6545\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u975e\u654f\u611f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u63d0\u53d6\u5f0f\u5316\u5b66\u5438\u9644\uff08Entra- 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